Hazardous effect of a synthetic non-ionic surfactant (exemplified by Triton X-100) on diatom algae

The first paper to report hazardous effects of a widely-used chemical on diatom algae, important component of phytoplankton. This is a first publication to report a hazardous effect of a synthetic non-ionic surfactant (exemplified by Triton X-100) on diatom algae, a marine species, Thalassiosira pseudonana.

Abstract

The effects of the non-ionogenic surfactant, Triton X-100 (TX), on the growth of cultured centric diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana were studied. In the presence of 0.1 mg/l TX the cell density in the culture was markedly lower than in the control culture. In the presence of 1 mg/l TX the decrease in cell density exceeded 50%. The decrease in the specific growth rate was about 10% in the presence of 0.1 mg/l TX and about 40% in the presence of 1 mg/l TX (over a period of seven days). The diatom sensitivity to TX was higher than that of some red and green algae and chrysophytes, as well as that of starfish spermatozoa and plant seedlings to TX or similar surfactants. These data reveal some more aspects of the ecological danger of aquatic pollution by non-ionogenic surfactants.

(Источник фотографии: www.diark.org)

Reference:

Fisher N.; Maertz-Wernte M.; Ostroumov S.A. Effects of aquatic pollution by a non-ionogenic surfactant on the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana.- Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Seriya Biologicheskaya, 1996, No. 1, P. 91-95.

English abstract of this paper on the web-site of the publishers:

http://www.maik.ru/cgi-perl/search.pl?type=abstract&name=biobull&number=1&year=96&page=76

 

Key words: ecosystem, aquatic, hazardous effect, phytoplankton, diatom algae, Thalassiosira pseudonana, pollutants, non-ionogenic surfactant, Triton X-100, testing, surface-active substance, toxicity.

***

Экосистема, водный, вредное воздействие, фитопланктон, диатомовые водоросли, Thalassiosira pseudonana, загрязняющие вещества, неионное поверхностно-активное вещество, Тритон X-100, тестирование, ПАВ, токсичность.

See also:
New broad picture of the fundamental role of biological filtering in self-purification (and self-bioremediation, self-organization, as well as stability) of aquatic ecosystems.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2013/01/fundamental-role-of-biological.html

Fundamentally new solution to the problem of selecting criteria for identification and assessing environmental hazards of chemical pollutants, toxicants. The paper explains why the currently accepted set of criteria is non-efficient and leads to mistakes.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2013/01/new-ideas-on-criteria-for.html

First paper in which it was clearly proved that the synthetic chemical (exemplified by the surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS), when it pollutes water, produces dangerous effects on both marine mussels (Mytilus edulis) and phytoplankton
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/12/new-facts-on-chemical-of-important.html

A short list of the most important physical, chemical, and biological processes of water self-purification.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/12/polyfunctional-role-of-biodiversity-in.html

New fresh insight into ecological mechanisms of eutrophication and abnormal increase in phytoplankton and how ecosystem runs water self-purification.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/12/ecological-mechanisms-of-eutrophication.html

New concepts and terminology in ecology, and science of limnology and biological oceanography: ecological tax; ecological repair of water quality. Some aspects of water filtering activity of filter-feeders.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/new-concepts-and-terminology-in-ecology.html

Inhibition of mussel suspension feeding by surfactants of three classes. Marine mussels Mytilus, Atlantic Ocean; ecotoxicology of cationic, anionic, and non-ionogenic detergents
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/inhibition-of-mussel-suspension-feeding.html

New aspects of water quality formation and water quality control in natural freshwater and marine ecosystems; new facts on negative effects of chemical pollutants (e.g., synthetic surfactants and detergents) on aquatic organisms, especially filter-feeders.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/basics-of-molecular-ecological.html

First paper to report concentrations of a number of rare earth elements (Ce, Nd, U, Hf, Cs, Au) in biological detritus in an aquatic system.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/the-role-of-biodetritus-in-accumulation.html

Modern comments on innovative scientific terms (ecological chemomediators, ecological chemoregulators).

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-comments-on-innovative.html

Innovative theory of ecological mechanisms of self-purification of water in freshwater and marine ecosystems.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/biocontrol-of-water-quality.html

Innovative and multifaceted conceptualization of how almost all aquatic organisms function together toward making water clear and clean.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/on-multifunctional-role-of-biota-in.html

Detailed analysis of the discovery and innovation: a new aspect of the functioning of ecosystem.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/10/aquatic-ecosystem-as-bioreactor-water.html

New facts on how detergents slow down the filtration of water by aquatic organisms; new inhibitory effects of surfactants TDTMA and SDS on water filtering activity of the marine mollusks oysters Crassostrea gigas.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/new-facts-on-hazards-of-synthetic.html

First and unique paper in which an international team of experts, scientists of 3 countries formulated a short list of research priorities in ecology and environmental sciences.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/medium-term-and-long-term-priorities-in.html

Fundamentally new solution to the problem of selecting criteria for identification and assessing environmental hazards of chemical pollutants, toxicants.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/criteria-for-identification-and.html

Fundamental role of biological filtering in self-purification (and self-bioremediation, self-organization, as well as stability) of aquatic ecosystems: New facts and ideas.

It is the first paper in which a synthesis of both author`s new experimental data and international literature was made, which led to a new broad picture of the fundamental role of biological filtering in self-purification (and self-bioremediation, self-organization, as well as stability) of aquatic ecosystems.

Abstract
According to one of approaches to the definition of criteria for the phenomenon of life, the key attribute is the ability of the life system for some self-regulating and self-supporting. Part of such holistic functions of aquatic ecosystems as self-regulating and self-supporting is their cleaning the water via a multitude of various mechanisms. The goal of this paper is to present some fundamental elements of the theory of ecosystem self-purification (water self-purification) which emphasizes the importance of the four functional biological filters that are instrumental in purification and upgrading the quality of water in aquatic ecosystems. These functional filters are: (1) direct water filtering by aquatic organisms that are filter-feeders; (2) the filter (represented mainly by communities of aquatic plants/periphyton) which prevents input of pollutants and biogenic elements (N, P) from land into water bodies and water streams; (3) the filter (represented by benthic organisms) which prevents re-entry of pollutants and biogenic elements from the bottom sediments into the water; (4) the filter (represented by microorganisms attached to particles which are suspended in the water) that provides microbiological treatment of the water column. New experimental data by the author reveal the negative role of man-made effects on the ecological machinery which purifies water. The analysis and discussion lead to the holistic theory of the natural process of bioremediation of aquatic ecosystems.

(Источники фотографий: aquamir.by, katarsys-alva.livejournal.com, volimo.ru)

Reference
Ostroumov S.A. Biological filtering and ecological machinery for self-purification and bioremediation in aquatic ecosystems: Towards a holistic view. - Rivista Di Biologia-Biology Forum, 1998, Volume: 91, Issue: 2, Pages: 221-232.

http://www.scribd.com/doc/42830557

Key words: self-regulating, self-supporting, aquatic ecosystems, theory, ecosystem, self-purification, upgrading, quality of water, water filtering, aquatic organisms, filter-feeders, communities, aquatic plants, periphyton, pollutants, biogenic elements, N, P, benthic, organisms, microorganisms, particles which are suspended in the water, microbiological treatment, water column, man-made effects, natural, process, bioremediation

***
Саморегуляция, самоподдержание, водные экосистемы, теория, самоочищение, экосистемы, улучшение, качество воды, фильтрация воды, водные организмы, фильтраторы, сообщества, водные растения, перифитон, загрязняющие вещества, биогенные элементы, N, P, бентосные организмы, микроорганизмы, взвешенные в воде частицы, микробиологическая очистка, столб воды, техногенные воздействия, естественные процессы, биоремедиация


See also:
A fundamentally new solution to the problem of selecting criteria for identification and assessing environmental hazards of chemical pollutants, toxicants. The paper explains why the currently accepted set of criteria is non-efficient and leads to mistakes.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2013/01/new-ideas-on-criteria-for.html

First paper in which it was clearly proved that the synthetic chemical (exemplified by the surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS), when it pollutes water, produces dangerous effects on both marine mussels (Mytilus edulis) and phytoplankton
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/12/new-facts-on-chemical-of-important.html

A short list of the most important physical, chemical, and biological processes of water self-purification.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/12/polyfunctional-role-of-biodiversity-in.html

New fresh insight into ecological mechanisms of eutrophication and abnormal increase in phytoplankton and how ecosystem runs water self-purification.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/12/ecological-mechanisms-of-eutrophication.html

New concepts and terminology in ecology, and science of limnology and biological oceanography: ecological tax; ecological repair of water quality. Some aspects of water filtering activity of filter-feeders.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/new-concepts-and-terminology-in-ecology.html

Inhibition of mussel suspension feeding by surfactants of three classes. Marine mussels Mytilus, Atlantic Ocean; ecotoxicology of cationic, anionic, and non-ionogenic detergents
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/inhibition-of-mussel-suspension-feeding.html

New aspects of water quality formation and water quality control in natural freshwater and marine ecosystems; new facts on negative effects of chemical pollutants (e.g., synthetic surfactants and detergents) on aquatic organisms, especially filter-feeders.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/basics-of-molecular-ecological.html

First paper to report concentrations of a number of rare earth elements (Ce, Nd, U, Hf, Cs, Au) in biological detritus in an aquatic system.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/the-role-of-biodetritus-in-accumulation.html

Modern comments on innovative scientific terms (ecological chemomediators, ecological chemoregulators).

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-comments-on-innovative.html

Innovative theory of ecological mechanisms of self-purification of water in freshwater and marine ecosystems.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/biocontrol-of-water-quality.html

Innovative and multifaceted conceptualization of how almost all aquatic organisms function together toward making water clear and clean.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/on-multifunctional-role-of-biota-in.html

Detailed analysis of the discovery and innovation: a new aspect of the functioning of ecosystem.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/10/aquatic-ecosystem-as-bioreactor-water.html

New facts on how detergents slow down the filtration of water by aquatic organisms; new inhibitory effects of surfactants TDTMA and SDS on water filtering activity of the marine mollusks oysters Crassostrea gigas.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/new-facts-on-hazards-of-synthetic.html

First and unique paper in which an international team of experts, scientists of 3 countries formulated a short list of research priorities in ecology and environmental sciences.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/medium-term-and-long-term-priorities-in.html

Fundamentally new solution to the problem of selecting criteria for identification and assessing environmental hazards of chemical pollutants, toxicants.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/criteria-for-identification-and.html

New ideas on criteria for identification and assessing environmental hazards of chemical pollutants

This paper formulated a fundamentally new solution to the problem of selecting criteria for identification and assessing environmental hazards of chemical pollutants, toxicants. The paper explains why the currently accepted set of criteria is non-efficient and leads to mistakes.

 

Abstract

The currently accepted system of criteria of evaluating ecological hazards from man-made chemicals is vulnerable to criticism. In this paper, a fundamentally new concept of a more objective system of criteria for evaluating the ecological hazard from man-made impact is proposed. The author suggested to assess man-made impacts (including effects of pollutants and xenobiotics) on biota according to the following four levels of disturbance in biological and ecological systems: (1) the level of individual and population responses; (2) the level of aggregated responses; (3) the level of stability and integrity of the ecosystem; (4) the level of contributions of the ecosystem into biospheric processes. An example is given of how to apply the proposed system of criteria to the analysis of concrete experimental data. To exemplify the efficiency of the proposed system of criteria, it is shown how to use it to analyze new data on effects of a non-ionic surfactant on water filtering by bivalves. It is concluded that the proposed system of criteria will be helpful in better assessing ecological hazards from anthropogenic effects on biota including effects of man-made chemicals polluting ecosystems.

 

 

 

Reference

Ostroumov S.A. Criteria for assessing ecological hazards of man-made impact on biota: Searching for a system. - Doklady Akademii Nauk, 2000, Volume: 371, Issue: 6, Pages: 844-846. (in Russian);

Criteria of ecological hazards due to anthropogenic effects on the biota: searching for a system. - Dokl Biol Sci (Doklady Biological Sciences). 2000; 371:204-206. (in English);

English paper online free:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/49088234

http://sites.google.com/site/2000dbs371p204criteria/

 

Key words: ecology, ecosystem, organisms, biosphere, bioassay, man-made impacts, biota, chemical factors, surfactants, xenobiotics, ecological hazards, chemicals, bioaccumulation, new criteria, pollutants,  plankton, benthos, water filtration, bivalves, Mytilus edulis, Triton X-100

Ключевые слова: экология, экосистема, организмы, биосфера, биоанализ, техногенные воздействия, биота, химические факторы, поверхностно-активные вещества, ксенобиотики, экологические опасности, химические соединения, биоаккумуляция, новые критерии, загрязняющие вещества, планктон, бентос, фильтрация воды, двустворчатые моллюски, Mytilus edulis, Triton X-100

See also:

First paper in which it was clearly proved that the synthetic chemical (exemplified by the surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS), when it pollutes water, produces dangerous effects on both marine mussels (Mytilus edulis) and phytoplankton
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/12/new-facts-on-chemical-of-important.html

 

A short list of the most important physical, chemical, and biological processes of water self-purification.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/12/polyfunctional-role-of-biodiversity-in.html

New fresh insight into ecological mechanisms of eutrophication and abnormal increase in phytoplankton and how ecosystem runs water self-purification.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/12/ecological-mechanisms-of-eutrophication.html

New concepts and terminology in ecology, and science of limnology and biological oceanography: ecological tax; ecological repair of water quality. Some aspects of water filtering activity of filter-feeders.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/new-concepts-and-terminology-in-ecology.html

Inhibition of mussel suspension feeding by surfactants of three classes. Marine mussels Mytilus, Atlantic Ocean; ecotoxicology of cationic, anionic, and non-ionogenic detergents
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/inhibition-of-mussel-suspension-feeding.html

New aspects of water quality formation and water quality control in natural freshwater and marine ecosystems; new facts on negative effects of chemical pollutants (e.g., synthetic surfactants and detergents) on aquatic organisms, especially filter-feeders.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/10/basics-of-molecular-ecological.html

First paper to report concentrations of a number of rare earth elements (Ce, Nd, U, Hf, Cs, Au) in biological detritus in an aquatic system.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/the-role-of-biodetritus-in-accumulation.html

Modern comments on innovative scientific terms (ecological chemomediators, ecological chemoregulators).

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-comments-on-innovative.html

Innovative theory of ecological mechanisms of self-purification of water in freshwater and marine ecosystems.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/biocontrol-of-water-quality.html

Innovative and multifaceted conceptualization of how almost all aquatic organisms function together toward making water clear and clean.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.com/2012/09/on-multifunctional-role-of-biota-in.html

Detailed analysis of the discovery and innovation: a new aspect of the functioning of ecosystem.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/10/aquatic-ecosystem-as-bioreactor-water.html

New facts on how detergents slow down the filtration of water by aquatic organisms; new inhibitory effects of surfactants TDTMA and SDS on water filtering activity of the marine mollusks oysters Crassostrea gigas.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/new-facts-on-hazards-of-synthetic.html

First and unique paper in which an international team of experts, scientists of 3 countries formulated a short list of research priorities in ecology and environmental sciences.
http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/medium-term-and-long-term-priorities-in.html

Fundamentally new solution to the problem of selecting criteria for identification and assessing environmental hazards of chemical pollutants, toxicants.

http://alsuyus.blogspot.ru/2012/11/criteria-for-identification-and.html